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Lesson 22 - اَلدَّرْسُ الثَانِي وَالْعِشْرُونَ

Cases of Diptotes - إِعرَابُ الْمَمْنُوعِ مِنَ الصَّرْفِ

 

Cases of Diptotes - إِعْرَابُ الْمَمْنُوعِ مِنَ الصَّرْفِ

  • In this part of the lesson, we will learn the cases of the Diptotes In-Shā’-Allâh (God Willing) i.e.,

إعْرَابُ الأَسْمَاءِ الْمَمْنُوعَةِ مِنَ الصَّرْفِ

  • Unlike the ordinary nouns, "The Diptotes" do not take double vowel mark. Similarly, Diptotes do not take /Kasrah/ in the genitive case.
  • We know that the noun takes the genitive case i.e., single /Kasrah/ if it is definite – e.g.  مِنَ الْجَامِعَةِ and double /Kasrah/ if it is indefinite e.g.  فِي مَسْجِدٍ, when it is in the possessive expression (annexation) or when it is preceded by a preposition.
     
  • However diptotes اَلْمَمْنُوعُ مِنَ الصَّرْفِ take /fatħah/ instead of a /Kasrah/ if in genitive case.  We have already learnt in the previous lesson i.e., (Lesson 20 section 4) that Diptotes are those nouns or adjectives which never take /tanwīn/ i.e., Double Vowel Mark. So whenever a diptote noun is preceded by a preposition or is /Muđâf Ilaihi/ it will take a /fatħah/ instead of a /Kasrah/ - for example - Ahmad's book i.e., كِتَابُ أَحْمَدَ
  • The same is the case with all the other groups of diptotes we have learnt so far.
  • Let’s take some examples for this rule:

English

Transliteration

Arabic

Where are you from?

 

I am from Pakistan

/Min aina Anta/?

 

/Ana min Bakistan/

مِنْ أَيْنَ أَنْتَ؟

أَنَا مِنْ بَاكِسْتَانَ.

What is your name?

 

My name is Anwar

/Mas muka/?

 

/Ismi Anwaro/

مَا اسْمُكَ؟

اِسْمِي أَنْوَرُ.

With whom did you return?

 

I returned with Athar, he is my friend

/Maξa man rajaξta/?

 

/Rajaξtu maξa Aŧhar, huwa ŝadīqī/

مَعَ مَنْ رَجَعْتَ؟

رَجَعْتُ مَعَ أَطْهَرَ، وهُوَ صَدِيقَي.

What did you eat in the meal?

I ate a fish

/Mādhā akalta fil ghadā’i/?

 

/Akaltu samakatan/

مَاذَا أَكَلْتَ فِي الْغَدَاءِ؟

أَكَلْتُ سَمَكَةً.

Talha neither drinks in golden nor silver cups.

 

/ ŧalħatu lā yashrabua fī fanaĵīna dhahabiyyatin walā fī fanaĵīna fiđđiyyatin/

طَلْحَةُ لا يَشْرَبُ فِي فَنَاجِينَ ذَهَبِيَّةٍ وَلا فِي فَنَاجِينَ فِضِّيَّةٍ.