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Lesson 26 – الدرس السَّادِسُ وَالْعِشْرُونَ

Composite Number (B) المركب العددي

Hundreds and thousands – المئات والألوف

·         The last lesson in the composite number is the numbers of hundreds and thousands, as follows:

500

خَمسمئة

khamsumi‘ah

400

أربعمئة

arbaξumi’ah

300

ثَلاثمئة

thalāthmi’ah

200

مِئتان

mi’atān

100

مِئة

mi’ah

1000

ألف

alf

900

تِسْعُمئة

tisξumi’ah

800

ثَمَانِمئة

thamānimi’ah

700

سَبْعُمئة

sabξumi’ah

600

سِتُّمئة

sittumi’ah

 

5000

خَمْسَةُ آلافٍ

khamsatu alāf

4000

أَرْبَعَةُ آلافٍ

arbaξatu alāf

3000

ثَلاثَةُ آلافٍ

thalāthatu alāf

2000

أَلْفَانِ

alfān

9000

تِسْعَةُ آلافٍ

tisξatu alāf

8000

ثَمَانِيَةُ آلافٍ

thamānitu alāf

7000

سَبْعَةُ آلافٍ

sabξatu alāf

6000

سِتَّةُ آلافٍ

sittatu alāf

  • These numbers are declinable on the short vowels of declension based on their case – e.g.:
    • Short fatħah a in accusative case
    • short kasrah i in genitive case
    • short đammah u in nominative case

Sign of declension

Sentence and numbers

مرفوع  بالضمة ( ُ)

Ending in short đammah (u)

 جاءَ مئةُ رَجُلٍ

Ĵā’a mi’atu raĵulin

One hundred men came.

منصوب بالفتحة ( َ)

Ending in short fatћah (a)

 رَأَيْتُ مئَةََ رَجُلٍ

Ra’aytu mi’ata raĵulin

I saw one hundred men.

مجرور بالكسرة( ِ)

Ending in short kasrah (i)

 ذهبْتُ مع مئةِ رَجُلٍ

Dhahabtu maξa mi’ati raĵulin

I went out with one hundred men.

  • The short vowels (đammah, fatћah and kasrah) appear on the first part of the composite numbers from 300 (thalāthumi’ah) to 900 (tisξumi’ah), such as (ثَلاثُ) "thalāth" (three), (أَرْبَعُ) "arbaξ" (four), (خَمْس) "khams" (five), (تِسْع) "tisξ" (nine), etc, and the second part (مئة) "mi’ah" (hundred) always ends with the short vowel kasrah "i", for example:

Sign of declension

Sentence and numbers

مجرور بالكسرة( ِ)

Ending in short kasrah (i)

اِسْتمَرَّ الإسلامُ في الأنْدَلُسِ أَكْثَرَ من ثَمَانِمِئةِ عَامٍ

Istamarra al-Islam fi al-andalus akthara min thamāni-mi’ati ξāmin

Islam continued in Andalusia more than eight hundred years.

منصوب بالفتحة ( َ)

Ending in short fatћah (a)

قَرَأْتُ اليَوْمَ أَرْبَعَمئةَ بَيْتٍ مِنَ الشِّعْرِ

Qara’tu al-yawma arbaξa-mi’ati baytin min ash-shiξr

I read four hundred lines of verse today.

مرفوع  بالضمة ( ُ)

Ending in short đammah (u)

هَاجَرَ ثَلاثُمئةُ رَجُلٍ إلى أمريكا

Haĵara thalāthu-mi’ati raĵulun ila amriica

Three hundred men emigrated to America.

  • Numbers 1000 "alf", 2000 "alfān", 3000 "thalāthatu alāf", etc., have the same rules of tens numbers 100, 200, 300, etc. For example:

Sign of declension

Sentence and numbers

مرفوع  بالضمة ( ُ)

Ending in short đammah (u)

جاءَ أَلْفُ رَجُلٍ

Ĵā’a alfu raĵulin

One thousand men came.

منصوب بالفتحة ( َ)

Ending in short fatћah (a)

رَأَيْتُ أَلْفَ رَجُلٍ

Ra’aytu alfa raĵulin

I saw one thousand men.

مجرور بالكسرة( ِ)

Ending in short kasrah (i)

ذهبْتُ مع أَلْفِ رَجُلٍ

Dhahabtu maξa alfi raĵulin

I went out with one thousand men.

مرفوع  بالضمة ( ُ)

Ending in short đammah (u)

هَاجَرَ ثَلاثَةُ آلافِ رَجُلٍ إلى أمريكا

Haĵara thalāthatu alāfi  raĵulun ila amriica

Three thousand men emigrated to America.

منصوب بالفتحة ( َ)

Ending in short fatћah (a)

قَرَأْتُ اليَوْمَ ثَلاثَةَ آلافِ بَيْتٍ مِنَ الشِّعْرِ

Qara’tu al-yawma thalāthata alāfi baytin min ash-shiξr

I read three thousand lines of verse today.

مجرور بالكسرة( ِ)

Ending in short kasrah (i)

رَاتِبي أكْثرُ مِنْ ثَلاثَةِ آلافِ جُنَيْهٍ

Rātibi aktharu min thalāthati alāfi ĵunayhin

My salary is over three thousand pounds.

·         Note: the numbered noun after numbers of hundreds and thousands is always singular and maĵrūr (مجرور) (ending with the short kasrah “i”).