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Lesson 27 – الدَّرْسُ السَّابِعُ وَالْعِشْرُونَ

The Maqŝūr, Manqūŝ and Mamdūd Nouns - الاسْمُ الْمَقْصُورُ والْمَنْقُوصُ والْمَمْدُودُ

The mamdūd noun -  الاسْمُ الْمَمْدُودُ

  • The mamdūd noun (اسْمٌ مَمْدُودٌ) is a singular noun ending with a hamzah (ء) preceded by a long alif. Being a singular means that the words (نِسَاءٌ) "nisā’", (أَهْوَاءٌ) "ahwā’" and (آبَاءٌ) "ābā’", for instance, are not mamdūd nouns, because they are plural.  Before we discuss the the rules for mamdūd nouns, let us look at some examples of these nouns:

Transliteration

Translation

الاسْمُ الْمَمْدُودُ

saћrā’

Desert

صَحْرَاءُ

bayđā’

White

بَيْضَاءُ

hasnā’

Pretty

حَسْناءُ

khađrā’

Green

خَضْرَاءُ

  • Here we should note that the letter hamzah (ء) is not a (حَرْفُ عِلَّةٍ) "ћarfu ξillah" (defective/weak letter), but it is a semi-weak letter, because it comes after a long alif, which is similar to the defective letters:
  • As for the declension of the masculine mamdūd noun, the three diacritical signs appear on it. Here we should highlight two important points: the mamdūd noun may be a masculine, such as (بَنّاءٌ) "bannā’" (builder) and (قَرَّاءٌ) "qarrā’" (reciter) and here the noun must be declinable like the ordinary singular noun, i.e. the short đammah, fatћah and kasrah will appear in the nominative, accusative and genitive cases, respectively. For example:

الْجُمْلَةُ

Sentence

الْمَعْنَى

Meaning

الإِعْرَابُ

Declension

الْعَلامَةُ

Diacritical sign

هَذَا قَرَّاءٌ لِلْقُرْآنِ

hādhā qarrā’u-n lil-qur’ān

This is a reciter of the Qur'an

مَرْفُوعٌ

Nominative

الضَّمَّةُ

đammah

أُحِبُّ قَرَّاءَ الْقُرْآنِ

uhibbu qurrā’a al-qur’ān

I love the Qur'an reciters.

مَنْصُوبٌ

Accusative

الْفَتْحَةُ

fatћah

عَمِلْتُ مَعَ بَنَّاءٍ جَيِّدٍ

ξamiltu maξa banana’i-n ĵayid

I worked with a new builder

مَجْرُورٌ

Genitive

الْكَسْرَةُ

kasrah

الْجُمْلَةُ

Sentence

الْمَعْنَى

Meaning

الإِعْرَابُ

Declension

عَلامَةُ الإِعْرَابِ

Diacritical sign

حَضَرَتْ حَسْناءُ الاِجْتِمَاعَ

ћađarat ћasnā’u al-iĵtimāξa

Hasnā attended the meeting.

مَرْفُوعٌ

Nominative

الضَّمَّةُ

Đammah

رَأَيْتُ الصَّحْرَاءَ الْغَرْبِيَةَ

ra’aytu al-ŝaћrā’a al-gharbiyyata

I visited the Western Desert.

مَنْصُوبٌ

Accusative

الْفَتْحَةُ

Fatћah

ذَهَبْتُ إِلَى الْحَجِّ بِأَثْوَابٍ بَيْضاءَ

dhahabtu ilā al-ћaĵĵi bi’athwābi-n bayđâ’a

I went to perform Haĵĵ with white clothes.

مَجْرُورٌ

Genitive

الْفَتْحَةُ

Fatћah

عَنْدِي كَثِيرٌ مِنَ الأَثْوَابِ البَيْضاءِ

ξindi kathīru-n mina al-athwābi al-bayđâ’i

I have many white clothes.

مَجْرُورٌ

Genitive

الْكَسْرَةُ

Kasrah

تَجَوَّلْتُ فِي صَحْرَاءِ السُّعُودِيَّةِ

taĵawwaltu fi ŝaћrā’i al-saξūdiyyati

I roamed in the Saudi desert.

مَجْرُورٌ

Genitive

الْكَسْرَةُ

Kasrah