- In Arabic, nouns fall into three categories namely
- Singular - which relates to a single noun
- Dual - which indicates two of something
- Plural - which indicates more than two of something
- In order to change a singular Arabic noun to the Dual the following steps are involved:
- Nominative Case:
- To change a singular masculine noun to the case of dual the following changes occur:
- The last letter of the word has its vowel replaced with a single /fatħah/ (i.e. replacing /the đammah/ or /dammatain/)
- The suffix of انِ is added to the word.
See some examples below:
- طَالِبٌ will become طَالِبَانِ
- الطَّالِبُ will become الطَّالِبَانِ
- To change a singular feminine noun with nominative case to the Dual, the following changes occur:
See some examples below:
- طَالِبَةٌ will become طَالِبَتَانِ
- الطَّالِبَةُ will become الطَّالِبَتَانِ
- Genitive and Accusative Case:
- To change a singular masculine noun with accusative or genitive case to the Dual:
- A single /fatħah/ is added on the last letter instead of the accusative case with a /fatħah/ or genitive case with a kasrah/
- The suffix /Ya’-Nūn/ يْنِ i.e., a Ya’ with /Sukūn/ and /Nūn/ with a /Kasrah/ is added.
See some examples below:
- مَعَ مُدَرِّسٍ will become مَعَ مُدَرِّسَيْنِ
- عِنْدَ الْمُدَرِّسِ will become عِنْدَ الْمُدَرِّسَيْنِ
- To change a singular feminine noun with accusative or genitive case to the Dual:
See some examples below:
- فِي حَقِيبَةٍ will become فِي حَقِيبَتَيْنِ
- فَوْقَ الشَّجَرَةِ will become فَوْقَ الشَّجَرَتَيْنِ
- Let’s look at some more examples for a better understanding of the rule:
Picture |
English |
Arabic |
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A brother in the house Two brothers in the house |
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Two daughters with a teacher Two daughters with two teachers |
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A book in the bag Two books in the two bags |